Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and Its Management Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a widespread dental condition that affects children under the age of six. It is characterized by the presence of one or more decayed, missing (due to caries), or filled tooth surfaces in any primary tooth. ECC can begin soon after a child's teeth erupt, often progressing rapidly and causing significant pain, infection, and difficulties in eating, speaking, and sleeping. Causes and Risk Factors ECC is a multifactorial disease influenced by biological, behavioral, and social factors. The primary cause is the prolonged exposure of teeth to sugary substances, especially when children are put to sleep with a bottle of milk or juice. Frequent snacking on sugary foods and inadequate oral hygiene can exacerbate the problem. The primary bacteria involved in ECC are Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli, which thrive in the presence of fermentable carbohydrates. These bacteria produce acids that demineralize the enamel, leading to cavities. Other risk factors include poor parental oral health, low socioeconomic status, and limited access to dental care. Clinical Features ECC typically begins with white spot lesions on the upper front teeth, progressing to brownish or black discoloration and eventual tooth destruction if left untreated. The pattern of decay often involves the maxillary anterior teeth first, followed by the molars. Children with ECC may experience: Pain or discomfort Difficulty eating or sleeping Low self-esteem due to visible decay Potential impacts on permanent dentition Management of ECC Managing ECC requires a comprehensive approach involving prevention, early intervention, and restorative treatment. Preventive Strategies: Educating parents about oral hygiene and diet Encouraging breastfeeding over bottle-feeding Avoiding bottle-feeding at bedtime Promoting water instead of sugary drinks Fluoride varnish applications to strengthen enamel Behavioral Guidance: Dental visits should begin by the child's first birthday. Dentists can provide anticipatory guidance and establish a “dental home” for ongoing care. Restorative Treatment: Depending on the severity, treatment may include: Fluoride therapy for early white spot lesions Glass ionomer or composite restorations for moderate caries Stainless steel crowns for extensively decayed teeth Pulp therapy or extractions if the pulp is involved Parental Involvement: Parents play a critical role in preventing ECC. Educating them about proper brushing techniques, reducing sugar intake, and regular dental checkups is essential. ECC is a preventable yet serious condition that requires timely attention and collaboration between dental professionals, parents, and caregivers. Early diagnosis, preventive care, and appropriate treatment can help children maintain a healthy smile and overall well-being. Dental Clinics in West Mambalam Dentists in West Mambalam Dentists in Ashok Nagar Best dentist near me Best Dental Clinics in West Mambalam Oral surgeon in West Mambalam Dental Implants in West Mambalam Oral surgeon in Ashok Nagar Painless tooth removal at West Mambalam Kids dentistry at West Mambalam Top rated dentist in Chennai